6. sivan (a mimo Izrael i 7. sivan) slav\u00edme biblick\u00fd poutn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek \u0161avuot jako oslavu darov\u00e1n\u00ed Tory.<\/p>\n
\u010cty\u0159i jm\u00e9na.<\/strong> \u010cty\u0159i jm\u00e9na sv\u00e1tku vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed o jeho aspektech:<\/p>\n 1. chag ha\u0161avuot – sv\u00e1tkek t\u00fddn\u016f, Sedmkr\u00e1t sedm dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprav od v\u00fdchodu z Egypta po darov\u00e1n\u00ed Tory na ho\u0159e Sinaj, hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma sv\u00e1tku, Dv\u011b p\u0159\u00edsahy.<\/strong> U\u010denci si v\u0161\u00edmaj\u00ed podobnosti hebrejsk\u00fdch v\u00fdraz\u016f pro t\u00fddny a p\u0159\u00edsahu I\u0161avuot, \u0161evuotl a komentuj\u00ed, \u017ee si na sv\u00e1tek \u0161avuot p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me dv\u011b p\u0159\u00edsahy: V synagoze.<\/strong> Na p\u0159ipom\u00ednku zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho aspektu sv\u00e1tku, p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00fdch \u017en\u00ed, je zvykem vyzdobovat synagogy zelen\u00ed. V liturgii sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho dne m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto \u010dten\u00ed Desatera p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f z Tory a p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu prababi\u010dky kr\u00e1le Davida R\u00fat, kter\u00fd se odehr\u00e1l v dob\u011b p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00fdch \u017en\u00ed. Mimochodem, na \u0161avuot p\u0159ipad\u00e1 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed kr\u00e1le Davida.<\/p>\n Zvyky.<\/strong> Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161avuotov\u00e9 zvyky, krom\u011b ji\u017e uveden\u00e9 zelen\u00e9 v\u00fdzdoby synagog, pat\u0159\u00ed celono\u010dn\u00ed studium Tory. T\u00edm se nejen p\u0159ipravujeme na rann\u00ed \u201ep\u0159ijet\u00ed Tory“, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 i napravujeme pochyben\u00ed Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova pokolen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podle tradice v den darov\u00e1n\u00ed Tory na ho\u0159e Sinaj – zaspalo.<\/p>\n Velice roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm zvykem je p\u0159\u00edprava ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fdch pokrm\u016f a medov\u00fdch kol\u00e1\u010dk\u016f na sv\u00e1tek \u0161avuot. Ml\u00e9ko a med jsou \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bny v souvislosti s T\u00f3rou. Kr\u00e1l \u0160alamoun p\u00ed\u0161e v \u0160ir ha\u0161irim: \u201eMl\u00e9ko a med je pod tv\u00fdm jazykem\/‘ Ml\u00e9ko je n\u00e1poj d\u011bt\u00ed a T\u00f3ra z n\u00e1s v\u0161ech d\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 se musej\u00ed v\u0161e pomalu u\u010dit. Ml\u00e9ko \/hebr. chalav, CH=8, L=30, Vet=2, celkem 40\/ tak\u00e9 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 40ti dn\u016fm, kter\u00e9 Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161 str\u00e1vil na ho\u0159e Sinaj. I proto si na \u0161avuot pochutn\u00e1v\u00e1me na tvarohov\u00fdch pala\u010dink\u00e1ch \/jidi\u0161 blinces\/.<\/p>\n Chceme-li hledat dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvody medov\u011bml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 hostiny, m\u016f\u017eeme se z koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f pou\u010dit, \u017ee med jako produkt neko\u0161er hmyzu – v\u010del a ml\u00e9ko jako tekutina tvo\u0159en\u00e1 ze zapov\u011bzen\u00e9 krve sav\u010d\u00edch samic symbolizuj\u00ed schopnost Tory o\u010di\u0161\u0165ovat a napravovat n\u00e1s samotn\u00e9 a \u010dinit n\u00e1s pro na\u0161e okol\u00ed \u201epo\u017eivateln\u00fdmi“.<\/p>\n T\u00f3ra a Izrael.<\/strong> Podle midra\u0161e byl cel\u00fd sv\u011bt stvo\u0159en s podm\u00ednkou, \u017ee Izrael 6. sivanu p\u0159ijme na Sinaji Toru. Proto se v prvn\u00ed kapitole Tory p\u00ed\u0161e: \u201e…a byl ve\u010der a bylo r\u00e1no ten den \u0161est\u00fd.“ Jak\u00fd \u0161est\u00fd den zd\u016fraz\u0148uje z\u00e1jmeno \u201eten“? \u0160est\u00fd den m\u011bs\u00edce sivan, kdy se rozhodne, bude-li sv\u011bt uchov\u00e1n nebo se vr\u00e1t\u00ed do stavu pusta a pr\u00e1zdna jako p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem stvo\u0159en\u00ed. Podle jin\u00e9ho v\u00fdkladu nab\u00edzel B\u016fh nejd\u0159\u00edve Toru jin\u00fdm n\u00e1rod\u016fm. Ji\u0161mael, syn Abrah\u00e1ma a slu\u017eebn\u00e9 Hagar, odm\u00edtl, proto\u017ee se necht\u011bl vzd\u00e1t kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed, Ezau se odm\u00edtl vzd\u00e1t zab\u00edjen\u00ed a Lotovi potomci si nedok\u00e1zali p\u0159edstavit sv\u016fj \u017eivot bez smilstva. Jen Izrael nab\u00eddku neodm\u00edtl. Naopak. P\u0159ijal Toru bez v\u00fdhrad se slovy: Naase veni\u0161ma. \/Budeme tak konat a budeme se u\u010dit\/<\/p>\n Desatero.<\/strong> A\u010d je t\u00e9ma Desatera zahrnuto do cyklu P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f a postav Tory, neu\u0161kod\u00ed si zde cel\u00e9 Desatero p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f zopakovat.<\/p>\n Desatero tak, jak je zaps\u00e1no v Druh\u00e9 knize Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ov\u011b, kap. 20:<\/p>\n 1. J\u00e1 jsem tv\u016fj B\u016fh, kter\u00fd t\u011b vyvedl ze zem\u011b egyptsk\u00e9, z domu otroctv\u00ed Pou\u0161\u0165 a hora Sinaj.<\/strong> T\u00f3ra nebyla d\u00e1na izraelsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1rodu v Himal\u00e1j\u00edch, ani na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e9 ho\u0159e. Hora Sinaj se svou v\u00fd\u0161i pat\u0159\u00ed do kategorie \u201ehor obecn\u00fdch – oby\u010dejn\u00fdch“. P\u0159esto byla pr\u00e1v\u011b ona vybr\u00e1na za m\u00edsto darov\u00e1n\u00ed Tory. To abychom se pou\u010dili, \u017ee s povy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm se a p\u00fdchou to daleko nedot\u00e1hneme ani v \u017eivot\u011b, a je\u0161t\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ve studiu. Za v\u011bt\u0161inou \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f lidstva stoj\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a p\u00edle \u201eoby\u010dejn\u00fdch“ lid\u00ed. Ani okol\u00ed hory Sinaj nel\u00e1k\u00e1 poutn\u00edky k us\u00eddlen\u00ed se. Kam oko dohl\u00e9dne jen sam\u00e1 pou\u0161\u0165. V\u0161ak tak\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd se rozhodne st\u00e1t se u\u010dencem Tory, mus\u00ed proj\u00edt mnoh\u00fdmi \u00faskal\u00edmi a \u010dasto se mus\u00ed omezit ve sv\u00fdch tu\u017eb\u00e1ch po kari\u00e9\u0159e a snadn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. Je\u0161t\u011b jedno pou\u010den\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eeme odn\u00e9st z pou\u0161t\u011b Sinaj. Tak jako pou\u0161\u0165 je \u00fazem\u00edm nikoho, nikomu nepat\u0159\u00ed, tak ani T\u00f3ra nikomu nepat\u0159\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee \u010derpat jej\u00ed \u201e\u017eivou vodu“ a nikdo mu v tom nem\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\n2. chag hakacir – sv\u00e1tek \u017en\u00ed, dozr\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0161enice, hlavn\u00edho zdroje ob\u017eivy \u010dlov\u011bka, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd aspekt sv\u00e1tku
\n3. chag habikurim – na pam\u00e1tku prvn\u00edch plod\u016f, kter\u00e9 bylo povinnost\u00ed v tomto obdob\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e9st do chr\u00e1mu ze sedmi plodin, kter\u00fdmi je zem\u011b Izrael proslavena, z p\u0161enice, je\u010dmene, v\u00edna, f\u00edk\u016f, gran\u00e1tov\u00fdch jablek, oliv a datl\u00ed.
\n4. aceret – obdoba \u0161mini aceret po sukot, zavr\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00e1tku pesach, dopln\u011bn\u00ed osobn\u00ed svobody o svobodu duchovn\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00edm Tory.<\/p>\n
\nB\u016fh sl\u00edbil, \u017ee nevym\u011bn\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod za \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jin\u00fd.
\nIzrael sl\u00edbil, \u017ee nevym\u011bn\u00ed Boha za \u017e\u00e1dnou modlu.<\/p>\n
\n2. Nebude\u0161 m\u00edt jin\u00e9ho boha p\u0159ede mnou,; neud\u011bl\u00e1\u0161 si tesanou modlu ani jak\u00e9koli zobrazen\u00ed
\n…Nebude\u0161 se ni\u010demu takov\u00e9mu klan\u011bt, ani tomu slou\u017eit.
\n3. Nezneu\u017eije\u0161 Bo\u017e\u00edho jm\u00e9na…
\n4. Pamatuj dne \u0160abatu, abys jej sv\u011btil. \u0160est dn\u00ed pracuj.
\n5. Cti otce sv\u00e9ho a matku svou.
\n6. Nezavra\u017ed\u00ed\u0161.
\n7. Nezcizolo\u017e\u00ed\u0161.
\n8. Nepokrade\u0161.
\n9. Nevyd\u00e1\u0161 k\u0159iv\u00e9ho sv\u011bdectv\u00ed.
\n10. Nebude\u0161 z\u00e1vid\u011bt sv\u00e9mu bli\u017en\u00edmu jeho d\u016fm, \u017eenu …<\/p>\n
\n\u010cty\u0159i jm\u00e9na. \u010cty\u0159i jm\u00e9na sv\u00e1tku vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed o jeho aspektech:
\n1. chag ha\u0161avuot – sv\u00e1tkek t\u00fddn\u016f, Sedmkr\u00e1t sedm dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprav od v\u00fdchodu z Egypta po darov\u00e1n\u00ed Tory na ho\u0159e Sinaj, hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma sv\u00e1tku,
\n2. chag hakacir – sv\u00e1tek \u017en\u00ed, dozr\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0161enice, hlavn\u00edho zdroje ob\u017eivy \u010dlov\u011bka, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd aspekt sv\u00e1tku
\n3. chag habikurim – na pam\u00e1tku prvn\u00edch plod\u016f, kter\u00e9 bylo povinnost\u00ed v tomto obdob\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e9st do chr\u00e1mu ze sedmi plodin, kter\u00fdmi je zem\u011b Izrael proslavena, z p\u0161enice, je\u010dmene, v\u00edna, f\u00edk\u016f, …<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1034"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1034"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8657,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1034\/revisions\/8657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}