Dva dny biblick\u00e9ho sv\u00e1tku, kter\u00e9 mimo Izrael zdvojujeme, jsou si v\u011bt\u0161inou podobn\u00e9 jako vejce vejci. \u0160mini aceret a simchat t\u00f3ra p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdjimku z tohoto pravidla.<\/p>\n
\u0160mini aceret.<\/strong> Biblick\u00fd sv\u00e1tek \u0161mini aceret \/osm\u00fd den shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed\/, jak u\u017e jeho jm\u00e9no napov\u00edd\u00e1, navazuje na sedm dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tku sukot. V Izraeli se slav\u00ed 22. ti\u0161ri, mimo Izrael 22. a 23. ti\u0161ri.<\/p>\n Kr\u00e1l a princ.<\/strong> Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed midra\u0161 \/komentovan\u00fd v\u00fdklad\/, kter\u00fd se ke \u0161mini aceret v\u00e1\u017ee, vystihuje povahu tohoto sv\u00e1tku: Po sedmi dnech v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed v kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci, kdy\u017e se ji\u017e lou\u010d\u00ed a odch\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u0161ichni pozvan\u00ed velmo\u017eov\u00e9 a vyslanci kr\u00e1l\u016f, se se sv\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdm otcem lou\u010d\u00ed i mlad\u00fd princ. Otec se na sv\u00e9ho prvorozen\u00e9ho syna d\u00edv\u00e1 a s t\u011b\u017eko skr\u00fdvan\u00fdm dojet\u00edm ho pros\u00ed: \u201eZ\u016fsta\u0148 se mnou je\u0161t\u011b jeden den, synu, m\u00e1me si toho je\u0161t\u011b tolik co \u0159\u00edci.“ Tak i po sedmi dnech sv\u00e1tku sukot, b\u011bhem nich\u017e Izrael p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161el v chr\u00e1mu sedmdes\u00e1t b\u00fdk\u016f za sedmdes\u00e1t n\u00e1rod\u016f sv\u011bta, je v kalend\u00e1\u0159i vyhrazen jeden den, kter\u00fd je v\u011bnov\u00e1n pouze jeho v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9mu vztahu s Bohem. Proto se na \u0161mini aceret p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161el v chr\u00e1mu pouze jedin\u00fd b\u00fdk, kter\u00fd p\u0159edstavoval izraelsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod.<\/p>\n V dob\u011b kr\u00e1le \u0160alamouna byl na \u0161mini aceret zasv\u011bcen prvn\u00ed jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00fd chr\u00e1m. Tak jako se my st\u011bhujeme ze suky do domu, tak i svatyn\u011b se tento den p\u0159enesla z putovn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edbytku do zd\u011bn\u00e9 stavby.<\/p>\n Mimo Izrael je zvykem i na \u0161mini aceret je\u0161t\u011b pod\u00e1vat j\u00eddlo v suce. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed zvyk zv\u00e1t osm\u00e9ho symbolick\u00e9ho hosta, Davidova syna – kr\u00e1le \u0160alamouna, stavitele prvn\u00edho jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu.<\/p>\n D\u00e9\u0161\u0165.<\/strong> Jak jsme se ji\u017e zm\u00ednili, koncem ti\u0161ri za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v Izraeli obdob\u00ed de\u0161\u0165\u016f. Proto\u017ee by n\u00e1m v\u0161ak d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 br\u00e1nil v p\u0159eb\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed v suce, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 modlitby za d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 a\u017e na \u0161mini aceret.<\/p>\n Simchat t\u00f3ra.<\/strong> Sv\u00e1tek simchat t\u00f3ra p\u0159ipad\u00e1 v Izraeli na \u0161mini aceret. Mimo Izrael se slav\u00ed samostatn\u00fd den, druh\u00fd den sv\u00e1tku \u0161mini aceret, 23. ti\u0161ri.<\/p>\n \u010cten\u00ed z Tory.<\/strong> K pochopem podstaty sv\u00e1tku simchat t\u00f3ra je t\u0159eba p\u0159edeslat, \u017ee od Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ov\u00fdch dob je ust\u00e1len zvyk pravideln\u00e9ho \u0161abatov\u00e9ho p\u0159ed\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed z Tory. Tento zvyk se stalet\u00edmi rozv\u00edjel a v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b je ust\u00e1len takto: P\u011bt knih Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ov\u00fdch je rozd\u011bleno na 54 odd\u00edl\u016f, ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich naz\u00fdv\u00e1me para\u0161a nebo tak\u00e9 sidra. To proto, \u017ee p\u0159estupn\u00fd rok m\u00e1 54 \u0161abat\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdden \u010dteme \u010d\u00e1st Tory a za rok ji p\u0159e\u010dteme celou a za\u010dneme \u010d\u00edst nanovo. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee v roce je m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 54 \u0161abat\u016f, se n\u011bkter\u00e9 para\u0161i spojuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n Dnem, kdy ro\u010dn\u00ed cyklus \u010dten\u00ed z Tory dokon\u010dujeme, je pr\u00e1v\u011b simchat t\u00f3ra. Ve\u010der se v synagoze shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed, za zp\u011bvu oslavn\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 kantor k jednotliv\u00fdm svitk\u016fm Tory vybran\u00e9 p\u0159edstavitele obce, kte\u0159\u00ed za velik\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed se svitky sedmkr\u00e1t obtan\u010d\u00ed bimu \/tzv. hakafotl. R\u00e1no se v\u0161e opakuje s t\u00edm rozd\u00edlem, \u017ee po obtan\u010den\u00ed nevrac\u00edme v\u0161echny svitky zp\u011bt do aron hakode\u0161 \/svat\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky\/, ale t\u0159i ponech\u00e1me na bim\u011b a \u010dteme z nich.<\/p>\n Dokon\u010den\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edho cyklu.<\/strong> Na simchat t\u00f3ra jsou k T\u00f3\u0159e postupn\u011b vyvol\u00e1ni v\u0161ichni p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00ed mu\u017ei. Ur\u010den\u00fd z nich, v\u011bt\u0161inou u\u010ditel, je na z\u00e1v\u011br vyvol\u00e1n \u201ese v\u0161emi chlapci“, tedy s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nedos\u00e1hli v\u011bku bar micva \/l3. le\u0165 a nemohou b\u00fdt k T\u00f3\u0159e volan\u00ed samostatn\u011b. Pot\u00e9 jsou vyvol\u00e1ni dva nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 obce -jeden jako chatan t\u00f3ra \/doslova: \u017eenich Tory\/ a druh\u00fd jako chatan bere\u0161it \/\u017eenich po\u010d\u00e1tku\/. Prvn\u00edmu z nich se p\u0159e\u010dte posledn\u00ed \u00fasek Tory, druh\u00e9mu hned za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me \u010d\u00edst \u00favodn\u00ed pas\u00e1\u017ee o stvo\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011bta. T\u00edm si m\u00e1me uv\u011bdomit kolob\u011bh \u017eivota a kontinuitu studia Tory. Jeden cyklus kon\u010d\u00ed, druh\u00fd za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1. Jedna generace st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 druhou a spoluvytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nekone\u010dn\u00fd \u0159et\u011bz tradice.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\n\u0160mini aceret. Biblick\u00fd sv\u00e1tek \u0161mini aceret \/osm\u00fd den shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed\/, jak u\u017e jeho jm\u00e9no napov\u00edd\u00e1, navazuje na sedm dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tku sukot. V Izraeli se slav\u00ed 22. ti\u0161ri, mimo Izrael 22. a 23. ti\u0161ri.
\nKr\u00e1l a princ. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed midra\u0161 \/komentovan\u00fd v\u00fdklad\/, kter\u00fd se ke \u0161mini aceret v\u00e1\u017ee, vystihuje povahu tohoto sv\u00e1tku: Po sedmi dnech v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed v kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci, kdy\u017e se ji\u017e lou\u010d\u00ed a odch\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u0161ichni pozvan\u00ed velmo\u017eov\u00e9 a …<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1007"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1009,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions\/1009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kehila-olomouc.cz\/rs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}